An Introduction to the Airports Authority of India : Part-1

in #steemstem6 years ago (edited)

Hi to all the beautiful ladies and gentleman of this amazing community #Steemit!

Dear Steemians,

A wholeheartedly greetings to all of you. Hope you all are doing awesome in your life. As per my areas of interest, I am bringing you my second publication on "An Introduction to the Airports Authority of India : Part-1" which I did it during my college days as per my industrial training project work. I hope this will going to be one of the most interesting article for you all by the help of which more and more like minded people will surely join my league to make the interaction more meaningful and refreshing.



Source : Pixabay

About Airports Authority of India:


• The Airports Authority of India (AAI) operates under Ministry of Civil Aviation and deals with the responsibilities of the maintenance, upgradation and creation of Civil Aviation infrastructure across India.

Air Traffic Management (ATM) services across Indian Space and adjoining oceanic access are provided by the AAI.

• Airports Authority of India (AAI) performs various essential functions and responsibilities towards society by maintaining and managing civil aviation infrastructure both on ground and air space in the country.



Source : Pixabay , Picture Credit: Lars_Nissen_Photoart

Functions of Airports Authority of India:


• Design, development, operation and maintenance of international and domestic airports and civil enclaves.

• Expansion and strengthening of operation area such as runways, aprons, taxiway, etc.

• Provision of communication and navigation aids such as ILS, VOR/ DME, Radar, etc.

• Construction, modification and management of passenger terminals.



Source : Pixabay , Picture Credit: DaniloBueno


Alphabet Coding used in Airport/Aviation for Communication:

COLUMN-1 :COLUMN-2 :COLUMN-3 :COLUMN-4 :
A: ALPHAB: BRAVOC: CHARLIED: DELTA
E: ECHOF: FOXROTG: GOLFH: HOTEL
I: INDIAJ: JULIETK: KILOL: LIMA
M: MIKEN: NOVEMBERO: OSCARP: PAPA
Q: QUEBECR: ROMEOS: SIERRAT: TANGO
U: UNIFORMV: VICTORW: WHISKEYX: X-RAY
Y: YANKEEZ: ZULU


Source : Pixabay , Picture Credit: gunthersimmermacher

Communication Navigation Surveillance (CNS):

• Communication: It can be defined as the exchange of data information and voice between the pilot and air traffic controllers or flight information centre.

• Navigation: Navigation element of CNS/ATM systems is meant to provide accurate, reliable, and seamless position determination capability to aircrafts.

• Surveillance: The surveillance systems can be divided into two main types:

a) Dependent surveillance: In dependent surveillance systems, aircraft position is determined on board and then transmitted to ATC. The current voice position reporting is a dependent surveillance system in which the position of the aircraft is determined from on-board navigation equipment and then conveyed by the pilot to ATC.

b) Independent surveillance: Independent surveillance is a system which measures aircraft position from the ground. Current surveillance is either based on voice position reporting or based on radar (primary surveillance radar; PSR) or (secondary surveillance radar, SSR) which measures range and azimuth of aircraft from the ground station.


1.jpg

Picture Credit : @crazy-facts [Made in Microsoft Powerpoint]

Communication: It involves in the exchange of voice and data information between Aircraft and ATS.

• Communication is done through VHF (very high frequency).

• The range of VHF is 30 MHz – 300 MHz.

• It is a type of line of sight communication.

• Modulation technique used here is Amplitude Modulation and PCM.

• AAI uses the VHF frequency range of 108-137 MHz.

Folded Dipole antenna is used to radiate signal in omni-direction.

• In VHF for each frequency two transmitter are used, one in working and other in standby.

2.jpg

Picture Credit : @crazy-facts [Made in Microsoft Powerpoint]

• ALB-M: Analog Line Barrier block converts analog signal to digital signal.

• Baseband: It performs two functions in VHF transmitter and receiver i.e.,

a) Generation of carrier frequency.

b) Modulation index (0 & 1).

• Transmitter: In transmitter module, the in-phase and quadrature signals are converted from digital to analog signal. Then, the modulated signal is transmitted through Transmitter Antenna.


REFERENCES :

Information Sources: 1 2 3 4 5

HNWT6DgoBc18GVREvvsnAjfLwLF5qHHFduNHKinqBPtNmZ3k61CnpUBLKdFPUo9SSCbXb1M9GTZ6G5JrEPBgsnYT1gEuMfuAWcRecc59BjgC68K5zSZWGRZoHHQ.png

I hope this was the simplest possible discussion from my side by the help of which I guess more and more like minded people will surely join my league to make the interaction more meaningful and interesting. Thank you all in advance for putting your time in knowing about the "Introduction to the Airports Authority of India: Part-1"! Based on the response that I will receive on this publication, I will try to bring Part-2. Keeping in mind for developing a positive ecosystem, here I now open the round of interaction session. Hoping for the best positive responses from the #Steemians.

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